Through our Radioiodination Services, PerkinElmer labels and then removes unbound iodine from your product(s) via HPLC or open column chromatography, depending on the characteristics of the molecule being iodinated. Typically, the product is assayed by TLC to verify that the percent free iodide is <5%.

When you choose our radioiodination services, it is best if you furnish appropriate labeling references whenever possible. This will minimize, if not eliminate, reference and background searches on our part, and help us label and deliver your product more quickly and economically.

Additionally, PerkinElmer can employ a range of starting radioiodine, Bolton-Hunter, or PIB reagent amounts to tailor the reaction for your needs. We can also perform large-scale iodinations (10 mCi).

Available Radioiodination Services
Iodination Method	Catalog #	Catalog #
[125I]	[125I]
Chloramine-T	NEX084	NEX084A
Iodogen®	NEX244	NEX244A
Bolton-Hunter Reagent	NEX088	NEX088A
Lactoperoxidase	NEX083	NEX083A
PIB	NEX300	NEX300
Other Custom Labeling Methods	NEX999	NEX999
Exchange Labeling with Sodium Iodide	NEX086	NEX086A
Iodogen is a registered trademark of Pierce Chemical.

Iodination with Chloramine-T and Sodium Iodide, [¹²⁵I]- or [¹³¹I]-
PerkinElmer offers the Chloramine-T (p-toluene sulfonochloramide) method - the most widely used iodination procedure, and an effective way to label a variety of proteins and peptides such as albumins, globulins, neuropeptides, and chemokines. It is an oxidative method which involves exposure of the substrate to Chloramine-T in the presence of NaI, [¹²⁵I]- or [¹³¹I]- for a short time, producing high specific activity proteins or peptides labeled with carrier-free radioiodine. It is used in applications with a history of success in this labeling method, or where our experience indicates a probability of success.

Reference: Hunter, W.M., and Greenwood, F.C., Nature 194:495 (1962).

Iodination with Iodogen Reagent, [¹²⁵I]- or [¹³¹I]-
Iodogen labeling is a solid phase oxidative method offered by PerkinElmer that is similar to the Chloramine-T method, but is generally considered to be milder, since the reaction takes place on the surface of the oxidant, minimizing exposure of the substrate.

Reference: Salacinzki, P.R.P., et al., Anal.Biochem. 117:136 (1981).

Bolton-Hunter Reagent, [¹²⁵I]- or [¹³¹I]-
The PerkinElmer Bolton-Hunter Reagent, [¹²⁵I]- is the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of iodinated p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, originally described by Rudinger and Ruegg.3 The active ester acylates terminal amino groups with the iodinated p-hydroxyphenylpropionic residue, making this an effective way to introduce radioactive iodine into a variety of proteins and peptides. It is a non-oxidative technique which is less harsh to proteins than alternative methods. Proteins and peptides, such as TSH, hGH, insulin, and hLH labeled with this technique, have demonstrated a high retention of immunoreactivity.

References:
     Rudinger, J., and Ruegg, U., Biochem.J. 133:538 (1973).
     Bolton, A.E., and Hunter, W.M., Biochem.J. 133:529 (1973).

Iodination with Lactoperoxidase, [¹²⁵I]- or [¹³¹I]-
With this method, lactoperoxidase catalyzes the oxidation of iodide using hydrogen peroxide as the enzyme substrate. It is a milder oxidative technique than Chloramine-T, which requires the presence of a tyrosine.

Reference: Markalonis, J.J., Biochem.J. 113:299 (1969).

Iodination with PIB, [¹²⁵I]- or [¹³¹I]-
PerkinElmer offers PIB, [¹²⁵I]- or [¹³¹I]- under license from NeoRx Corporation. PIB (N-succinimidyl 4-iodobenzoate) efficiently iodinates proteins and peptides, including monoclonal antibodies and Fab fragments. This procedure produces a product which may be more biologically stable because, unlike Bolton-Hunter Reagent, radioiodinated tyrosines, and iodinated thyroid hormones, PIB does not contain an ortho-phenol. This protects PIB derivatives from the deiodinases that can delabel ortho-iodophenols.5

Reference: Wilbur, D.S., et al., J. Nucl. Med. 30(2):216 (1989).

Exchange Labeling with Sodium Iodide, [¹²⁵I]- or [¹³¹I]-
PerkinElmer conducts iodination using standard published processes.

References: Coenen, H.H., Radiochimica ACTA 34:47-68 (1983).

Custom Iodination
With custom iodination, you can propose a specific method to PerkinElmer for review and, if appropriate, we will use it in your radioiodination application.

Submission of Samples for Radioiodination
When you place your order, you will receive specific packaging, labeling, and shipping instructions for sending your compound to PerkinElmer from our Custom Services Technical Administration Group, or your local sales office or distributor. You should only submit chemically pure compounds for labeling because any impurities present may also become labeled. Also, keep in mind that your precursor is used "as is," without analysis, testing, or verification.

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